0408
你學會了什麼，自己出題目！
1.(FRBR)書目紀錄的功能需求把書目紀錄分為幾個實體？及其關係？
三組
十個實體
作品（work ）
內容表達（expression ）
載體表現（manifestation ）
單件（item ）
個人（person ）
團體（corporate body ）
概念（concept ）
實物（object ）
事件（event ）
地點〈place 〉
2.試述國際編目原則聲明的重要性？
總原則P.2(中文英文都要背，句點前要一字不差)
2. General Principles
Several
principles direct the construction of cataloguing codes . The highest is the
convenience of the user.
2.1.
Convenience of the user. Decisions taken
in the making of descriptions and controlled forms of names for access should
be made with the user in mind.
用户的便利性。在对著录以及用以检索的名称的受控形式作出抉择时应该考虑到用户。
2.2. Common
usage. Vocabulary used in descriptions and access should be in accord with that
of the majority of users.
通用性。在著录与检索中使用的词汇应与大多数用户所用的词汇相一致。
2.3.
Representation. Descriptions and controlled forms of names should be based on
the way an entity describes itself.
表达性。著录以及名称的受控形式应按实体描述其本身的方式来确定。(就算圖書館員發現書的錯誤也不能直接修改，要用方括弧來註解)
2.4. Accuracy. The
entity described should be faithfully portrayed.
准确性。应如实描述被著录的实体。
2.5.
Sufficiency and necessity. Only those
data elements in descriptions and controlled forms of names for access that are
required to fulfill user tasks and are essential to uniquely identify an entity
should be included.
充分性与必备性。只应包含那些在著录以及用以检索的名称的受控形式中对完成用户任务所必需
的，以及对唯一识别某一实体所必不可缺的数据单元。
2.6.
Significance. Data elements should be
bibliographically significant.
有意义。数据单元应具有目录学意义。
2.7.
Economy. When alternative ways exist to
achieve a goal, preference should be given to the way that best furthers
overall economy (i.e., the least cost or the simplest approach).
经济性。当达到某一目标存在多种途径时，应选择整体经济性昀佳的途径（即费用昀少或方法昀
简单）
2.8. Consistency
and standardization. Descriptions and construction of access points should be
standardized as far as possible. This enables greater consistency, which in
turn increases the ability to share bibliographic and authority data.
一致性与标准化。应尽可能实现著录与确立检索点工作的标准化。这样能够取得更大的一致性，
从而提高共享书目数据与规范数据的能力。
2.9.
Integration. The descriptions for all types of materials and controlled forms
of names of all types of entities should be based on a common set of rules,
insofar as it is relevant.
集成化。各类文献的著录以及各类实体名称的受控形式应在适用范围内基于一套共同的规则。
3.RDA(資料描述和檢索)的範圍和目的為何？
21世紀的編目標準
0.0Purpose and
Scope
RDA provides a
set of guidelines and instructions on formulating data to support resource
discovery.
The data
created using RDA to describe a “resource” are designed to assist users
performing the following tasks:
1.find to find resources that correspond to the
user’s stated search criteria
2.identify to confirm that the resource described
corresponds to the resource sought , or to distinguish between two or more
resources with similar characteristics.
3.selected to selected a resource that is
appropriate to the user’s needs
4.obtain to acquire or access the resource described.
Bibliographic Records: Final Report(1998)
The data created
using RDA to describe an “entity實體 associated with a resource”(a person,
family , corporate body, concept ,etc.) are designed to assist users performing
the following tasks:
1.find to find information on that entity and on
resources associated with the entity
2.indentify to confirm that the entity described
corresponds to the entity sought , or to distinguish between two or more
entities with similar names , etc.
3.clarify to clarify the relationship between two or
more such entities , or to clarify the relationship between the entity
described and a name by which that entity is known
4.understand to understand why a particular name or title
, or form of name or title , has been chosen as the preferred name or title for
the entity.
RDA provides a comprehensive
set of guidelines and instructions covering all types of content and media.
Functional Requirements for Authority Data: A
Conceptual Model (2009)
4.試述資料描述和檢索的核心細目？
RDA
分為兩組(Work
, Expression)(Manifestation , Items)
1.3 Core Elements
1. Title
Title proper正題名
2. Statement of
responsibility
正題名相關著者敘述Statement of responsibility relating to title
proper (if more than one, only the first recorded is required)
3. Edition
statement
Designation of
edition指定版本初版
Designation of
a named revision of an edition指定版本的命名修訂
4. Numbering of
serials連續出版物編號
Numeric and/or
alphabetic designation of first issue or part of sequence (for first or only
sequence)
Chronological
designation of first issue or part of sequence (for first or only sequence)
Numeric and/or
alphabetic designation of last issue or part of sequence (for last or only
sequence)
Chronological
designation of last issue or part of sequence (for last or only sequence)
5.Production
statement生產敘述
Date of
production (for a resource in an unpublished form)
6.Publication
statement出版敘述
Place of
publication出版地(if more than one, only the first recorded is required)
Publisher's
name 出版者(if more than one, only the first recorded is required)
Date of
publication出版年2004
7.Distribution
statement經銷敘述
Place of
distribution經銷地 (for a published resource, if place of publication not identified; if
more than one, only the first recorded is required)
Distributor's
name 經銷者(for a published resource, if publisher not identified; if more than
one, only the first recorded is required)
Date of
distribution經銷年 (for a published resource, if date of publication not identified)
8. 製造敘述Manufacture
statement
Place of
manufacture製造地 (for a published resource, if neither place of publication nor place
of
distribution identified; if more than one, only the first
recorded is required)
Manufacturer's
name 製造者(for a published resource, if neither publisher nor distributor
identified; if more than one, only the
first recorded is required)
Date of
manufacture 製造年(for a published resource, if neither date of publication, date of
distribution, nor copyright date identified)
9. Copyright
date
Copyright date
(if neither date of publication nor date of distribution identified)
10. Series
statement集叢敘述
Title proper of
series集叢正題名
Numbering
within series集叢編號
Title proper of
subseries子集叢題名
Numbering
within subseries子集叢編號
11. Identifier
for the manifestation
Identifier for
the manifestation (if more than one, prefer an internationally recognized
identifier if
applicable)
12. Carrier
type
Carrier type載體類型
13. Extent
Extent高廣(only if the
resource is complete or if the total extent is known)
5.3 Core Elements
When recording
data identifying a work, include as a minimum the elements listed below that
are applicable and readily ascertainable.
Preferred title for the work
Identifier for the work
When the
preferred title is recorded as part of the authorized access point representing
the work, precede it, if appropriate, by the authorized access point
representing the person, family, or corporate body responsible for the work, as
specified in the instructions given under 6.27.1.
If the
preferred title for a work is the same as or similar to a title for a different
work, or to a name for a person, family, or corporate body, record as many of
the additional identifying elements listed below as necessary to differentiate
them. Record the elements either as additions to the access point representing
the work, as separate elements, or as both.
Form of work
Date of work
Place of origin of the work
Other distinguishing characteristic of the work
When
identifying a musical work with a title that is not distinctive, record as many
of the following elements as are applicable. For musical works with distinctive
titles, record as many of the following elements as necessary to differentiate
the work from others with the same title. Record the elements either as
additions to the access point representing the work, as separate elements, or
as both.
Medium of performance
Numeric designation
Key
When
identifying a bilateral treaty, etc., record the element listed below for both
signatories. Record the elements either as part of the access point representing
the work, as separate elements, or as both.
Signatory for a treaty, etc.
When recording
data identifying an expression, include as a minimum the elements listed below
that are applicable and readily ascertainable.
Identifier for the expression
Content type
Language of expression
Record as many
of the additional identifying elements listed below as necessary to
differentiate one expression of a work from another. Record the elements either
as additions to the access point representing the expression, as separate
elements, or as both.
Date of expression
Other distinguishing characteristic of the
expression
When describing
a cartographic expression, include as a minimum the elements listed below that
are applicable and readily ascertainable.
Horizontal scale of cartographic content
Vertical scale of cartographic content
Include
additional elements covered in this chapter and in chapters 6 and 7 in accordance with the policy of the
agency creating the data, or as judged appropriate by the cataloguer.
