0408

0408

你學會了什麼，自己出題目！

1.(FRBR)書目紀錄的功能需求把書目紀錄分為幾個實體？及其關係？

三組

十個實體

作品（work ）

內容表達（expression ）

載體表現（manifestation ）

單件（item ）

個人（person ）

團體（corporate body ）

概念（concept ）

實物（object ）

事件（event ）

地點〈place 〉

2.試述國際編目原則聲明的重要性？

總原則P.2(中文英文都要背，句點前要一字不差)

2. General Principles

Several principles direct the construction of cataloguing codes . The highest is the convenience of the user.

2.1. Convenience of the user.  Decisions taken in the making of descriptions and controlled forms of names for access should be made with the user in mind.

用户的便利性。在对著录以及用以检索的名称的受控形式作出抉择时应该考虑到用户。

2.2. Common usage. Vocabulary used in descriptions and access should be in accord with that of the majority of users.

通用性。在著录与检索中使用的词汇应与大多数用户所用的词汇相一致。

2.3. Representation. Descriptions and controlled forms of names should be based on the way an entity describes itself.

表达性。著录以及名称的受控形式应按实体描述其本身的方式来确定。(就算圖書館員發現書的錯誤也不能直接修改，要用方括弧來註解)

2.4. Accuracy. The entity described should be faithfully portrayed.

准确性。应如实描述被著录的实体。

2.5. Sufficiency and necessity.  Only those data elements in descriptions and controlled forms of names for access that are required to fulfill user tasks and are essential to uniquely identify an entity should be included.

充分性与必备性。只应包含那些在著录以及用以检索的名称的受控形式中对完成用户任务所必需

的，以及对唯一识别某一实体所必不可缺的数据单元。

2.6. Significance.  Data elements should be bibliographically significant.

有意义。数据单元应具有目录学意义。

2.7. Economy.  When alternative ways exist to achieve a goal, preference should be given to the way that best furthers overall economy (i.e., the least cost or the simplest approach).

经济性。当达到某一目标存在多种途径时，应选择整体经济性昀佳的途径（即费用昀少或方法昀

简单）

2.8. Consistency and standardization. Descriptions and construction of access points should be standardized as far as possible. This enables greater consistency, which in turn increases the ability to share bibliographic and authority data. 

一致性与标准化。应尽可能实现著录与确立检索点工作的标准化。这样能够取得更大的一致性，

从而提高共享书目数据与规范数据的能力。

2.9. Integration. The descriptions for all types of materials and controlled forms of names of all types of entities should be based on a common set of rules, insofar as it is relevant.

集成化。各类文献的著录以及各类实体名称的受控形式应在适用范围内基于一套共同的规则。

3.RDA(資料描述和檢索)的範圍和目的為何？

21世紀的編目標準

0.0Purpose and Scope

RDA provides a set of guidelines and instructions on formulating data to support resource discovery.

The data created using RDA to describe a “resource” are designed to assist users performing the following tasks:

1.find       to find resources that correspond to the user’s stated search criteria

2.identify         to confirm that the resource described corresponds to the resource sought , or to distinguish between two or more resources with similar characteristics.

3.selected       to selected a resource that is appropriate to the user’s needs

4.obtain   to acquire or access the resource described.

Bibliographic Records: Final Report(1998)

The data created using RDA to describe an “entity實體 associated with a resource”(a person, family , corporate body, concept ,etc.) are designed to assist users performing the following tasks:

1.find       to find information on that entity and on resources associated with the entity

2.indentify       to confirm that the entity described corresponds to the entity sought , or to distinguish between two or more entities with similar names , etc.

3.clarify   to clarify the relationship between two or more such entities , or to clarify the relationship between the entity described and a name by which that entity is known

4.understand   to understand why a particular name or title , or form of name or title , has been chosen as the preferred name or title for the entity.

RDA provides a comprehensive set of guidelines and instructions covering all types of content and media.

Functional Requirements for Authority Data: A Conceptual Model (2009)

4.試述資料描述和檢索的核心細目？

RDA

分為兩組(Work , Expression)(Manifestation , Items)

1.3 Core Elements

1. Title

Title proper正題名

2. Statement of responsibility

正題名相關著者敘述Statement of responsibility relating to title proper (if more than one, only the first recorded is required)

3. Edition statement

Designation of edition指定版本初版

Designation of a named revision of an edition指定版本的命名修訂

4. Numbering of serials連續出版物編號

Numeric and/or alphabetic designation of first issue or part of sequence (for first or only sequence)

Chronological designation of first issue or part of sequence (for first or only sequence)

Numeric and/or alphabetic designation of last issue or part of sequence (for last or only sequence)

Chronological designation of last issue or part of sequence (for last or only sequence)

5.Production statement生產敘述

Date of production (for a resource in an unpublished form)

6.Publication statement出版敘述

Place of publication出版地(if more than one, only the first recorded is required)

Publisher's name 出版者(if more than one, only the first recorded is required)

Date of publication出版年2004

7.Distribution statement經銷敘述

Place of distribution經銷地 (for a published resource, if place of publication not identified; if more than one, only the first recorded is required)

Distributor's name 經銷者(for a published resource, if publisher not identified; if more than one, only the first recorded is required)

Date of distribution經銷年 (for a published resource, if date of publication not identified)

8. 製造敘述Manufacture statement

Place of manufacture製造地 (for a published resource, if neither place of publication nor place of

distribution  identified; if more than one, only the first recorded is required)

Manufacturer's name 製造者(for a published resource, if neither publisher nor distributor identified; if  more than one, only the first recorded is required)

Date of manufacture 製造年(for a published resource, if neither date of publication, date of distribution, nor copyright date identified)

9. Copyright date

Copyright date (if neither date of publication nor date of distribution identified)

10. Series statement集叢敘述

Title proper of series集叢正題名

Numbering within series集叢編號

Title proper of subseries子集叢題名

Numbering within subseries子集叢編號

11. Identifier for the manifestation

Identifier for the manifestation (if more than one, prefer an internationally recognized identifier if

applicable)

12. Carrier type

Carrier type載體類型

13. Extent

Extent高廣(only if the resource is complete or if the total extent is known)

5.3 Core Elements

When recording data identifying a work, include as a minimum the elements listed below that are applicable and readily ascertainable.

Preferred title for the work

Identifier for the work

When the preferred title is recorded as part of the authorized access point representing the work, precede it, if appropriate, by the authorized access point representing the person, family, or corporate body responsible for the work, as specified in the instructions given under 6.27.1.

If the preferred title for a work is the same as or similar to a title for a different work, or to a name for a person, family, or corporate body, record as many of the additional identifying elements listed below as necessary to differentiate them. Record the elements either as additions to the access point representing the work, as separate elements, or as both.

Form of work

Date of work

Place of origin of the work

Other distinguishing characteristic of the work

When identifying a musical work with a title that is not distinctive, record as many of the following elements as are applicable. For musical works with distinctive titles, record as many of the following elements as necessary to differentiate the work from others with the same title. Record the elements either as additions to the access point representing the work, as separate elements, or as both.

Medium of performance

Numeric designation

Key

When identifying a bilateral treaty, etc., record the element listed below for both signatories. Record the elements either as part of the access point representing the work, as separate elements, or as both.

Signatory for a treaty, etc.

When recording data identifying an expression, include as a minimum the elements listed below that are applicable and readily ascertainable.

Identifier for the expression

Content type

Language of expression

Record as many of the additional identifying elements listed below as necessary to differentiate one expression of a work from another. Record the elements either as additions to the access point representing the expression, as separate elements, or as both.

Date of expression

Other distinguishing characteristic of the expression

When describing a cartographic expression, include as a minimum the elements listed below that are applicable and readily ascertainable.

Horizontal scale of cartographic content

Vertical scale of cartographic content

Include additional elements covered in this chapter and in chapters 6 and 7 in accordance with the policy of the agency creating the data, or as judged appropriate by the cataloguer.